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भूजल साव्रेक्षण विभाग

                                                            Projects

  • Aquifer Management Project (AQMP)

 

 

Objective 

 

 

 

 

Sustainability of groundwater resource and development of groundwater management capability are important components of MWSIP.  GSDA has identified the relevant issues pertaining to groundwater sector in view of the State’s needs. It is envisaged that the groundwater component under MWSIP should address following issues.

 

 

 

 

 
  • Community driven and implemented pilot projects to develop and test groundwater management approaches in four pilot areas representing different hydrogeological situations in the state

 

 
  • IEC to create awareness of emerging problems and broad based public support for ground water management options to solve the identified problems

 

 
  • Strengthening of GSDA to develop scientific data base and analytical skills essential to monitor groundwater conditions and understand the actual viability of potential management options

 

 
  • Research activities that would provide insight to key issues of groundwater pricing, options for legal framework, and supporting regulations as an initiative for sustainable groundwater management

 

 

To achieve the aforesaid goals, the groundwater component of MWSIP includes the following activities.

 

 
  • Implementation of pilot aquifer management projects through a community driven approach.  To implement pilot aquifer management projects that include demand and supply side interventions and address different problems; rejuvenate existing irrigation systems using aquifer management concept in different river basins and agro climatic regions.

 

 
  • Strengthening of GSDA for scientific data collection, analysis and its dissemination.

 

 
  • Information, Education and Communication (IEC) strategy to educate policy makers and the public regarding issues related to groundwater.

 

 

Implementation of Pilot Aquifer Management Projects

 

 

All activities of the groundwater component proposed under MWSIP are part of a long-term process of groundwater management and capacity building.  Thus, it is proposed to take up four Aquifer Management Projects, representing different hydrogeological, socio-economic conditions in the state, to evaluate and establish the benefits of community participation and its limitations for such an approach for groundwater management, under different field conditions.

Pilot aquifer management projects will form a critical part of the long-term process of capacity building in groundwater management in the State and identifying approaches that are effective under local conditions.

Each pilot project will have an aquifer area of approximately 80 to 200 Sq. Km. The size of pilot projects chosen is large enough for detailed studies on management, to affect aquifer conditions, while not being so large that the number of villages involved make management infeasible. Hydrogeological data pertaining to four tentative pilot areas proposed by the GSDA is given in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Studies for Aquifer Management in Bhima basin, Beed District Aquifers from Bhima river basin from Ashti taluka in Beed district has been selected for aquifer management.  Rainfall in this area is medium but the aquifers in this zone have specific yield higher than in Krishna basin. This is a chronic drought prone area and scarcity of groundwater is acute. Aquifers will be delineated and existing water conservation structures will be studied for their present capacities and solutions to improve their recharge capabilities will be developed.  Through demand and supply interventions, perfect groundwater management will be achieved.

 

 2 )Maharashtra Water  Sector Improvement Project (MWSIP)

 

 

Backgrounds

 

 

The Government of Maharashtra is implementing the Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement Project (MWSIP). The project, with a total cost amounting to $394 million became effective on September 29, 2005, and will have duration of six years. It is scheduled to close on September 30, 2011.

Project Objectives
The development objectives of the Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement Project (MWSIP) are: (i) to strengthen the state’s capacity for multi-sectoral planning, development and sustainable management of the water resources, and (ii) to improve irrigation service delivery and productivity of irrigated agriculture.

Project Components
A: Water Sector Institutional Restructuring and Capacity Building
B: Improving Irrigation Water Service Delivery and Management 
C: Innovative Pilots
D: Project Management

MWSIP is an integrated water resources development and utilization project, jointly implemented by several departments, including the Water Resources (WRD), Agriculture and Groundwater Departments. The WRD would be the nodal agency for implementation of the project. A Project Preparation & Management Unit (PPMU) has been established and is responsible for interdepartmental coordination, procurement, financial management, annual and quarterly reporting and project monitoring and evaluation.

The groundwater component under this project involving User Centered Aquifer Level Ground Water Management in four pilot areas was also initiated in Jalna, Beed, Satara and Amravati districts.

The objective of this subcomponent is to develop and test approaches and practices for user-centered aquifer level sustainable ground water management in four pilot areas (already identified by the GSDA, one each in Krishna, Bhima, Godavari-Purna, and Wardha river basins. This subcomponent will involve establishment of:(i) a Gram Panchayat Level Committee (GPLC) in all the Gram Panchayats under pilot area; (ii) a Pilot Aquifer level Groundwater Management Association (GWMA), as a federation of GPLCs; and (iii) Technical Support Groups (TSGs). The GPLC/GWMA will be an elected body whose members are drawn from the various users of groundwater at the Panchayat level. Services of NGOs will be hired to facilitate the formation of these committees/associations. The TSGs at Panchayat and Pilot levels will be multi disciplinary technical groups headed by a groundwater specialist, and will have specialists from concerned disciplines (irrigation, agriculture, drinking water supply, industrial water supply, etc). The implementation of the pilots will be managed by GSDA, with a nodal project leader at state level, supported by pilot team leaders leading TSGs, the GPLC at Panchayat level and GWMA at pilot aquifer level. The other activities involved in the implementation of these pilots will include IEC, assessment of total water availability (both surface and ground) and current multiple uses in the pilot aquifer, the demand and supply side management related activities for sustainable multiple ground water use in the pilot aquifer, and development of sustainable ground water management model. The lessons from the pilots are expected to contribute in the development of an appropriate ground water use legislation and regulatory frame work for implementation of users centered sustainable groundwater management models, and its subsequent up scaling over time.

 

 

 

 

                           Schemes

A detailed and systematic study of hydrogeological condition at village level scale i.e. 1:10000 is done by the department. The scheme is continuing since 1973. Survey comprises of dug well inventory, geological mapping, aquifer performance test to evaluate ground water regime. Surface geology and winter & summer water level maps are prepared. A report comprising general hydrogeological condition of the village area is generated.
Under this scheme an area of 1,76,125 Sq. Km. has been covered and hydrogeological map in respect of 25,182 villages have been prepared. The maps are useful for sitting dug wells for individual farmer, water supply scheme, artificial recharge structures, water conservation structures etc.


Sr. No.

District

Villages Surveyed

Area Surveyed  Sq.Km.

Wells Surveyed

Wells connected

Points connected

Yield test Conduected

Village Reports prepared

Yield Test

1

Beed

585

5224.00

13761

1386

457

226

560

0

 

  2 )Certification for drinking water Supply
Certification for drinking water supply schemes:

In order to provide safe and potable drinking water to the rural as well as urban population, various least cost solutions measures are undertaken –
1) Provide drinking water by sinking dug wells.
2) Provide drinking water through bore wells.
3) Provide drinking water through piped water supply schemes.
Department is certifying the source for above measures. Different state departments like Zilha Parishad and Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran then execute the schemes.
2 )Hydro fracturing of Existing boreborewells
 To rejuvenate the existing poor yielding bore wells in Ground water potential area hydro fracturing is carried out. Department is having 14 Hydro Fracturing machines. Until now 6926 bore wells are hydro fractured, out of which 4719 proved to be successful

 

4) Institutional Survey Program
 GSDA is providing technical service in locating the well sites under different Government scheme viz. bank finance assisted scheme, minor irrigation schemes, Failed well Subsidy schemes, Rural Electrification scheme, Mini Electrification scheme, Jeevan Dhara and Javahar dug well scheme, Sand mining from the rivers, Shiv kalin Panee Sathvan Yojana and number of other scheme introduced by the Government. On the basis of Hydrogeological data collected during the physical verification of the site, GSDA is certifying the sources for the scheme
5) Water Conservation Program
 GSDA is implementing schemes to improve the performance of the existing ground water sources and strengthening the sources by unconventional measure Source strengthening by unconventional measures

 

 

The groundwater migration through a network of shallow depth aquifer from the discharging location is arrested by this technique. It is suitable in disintegrated rock combined with fracture and granular porosity. After identifying the suitable area on the basis of geohydrological investigations, this technique is adopted. Under this process, normally one or two rows of suitable diameter boreholes are drilled to a depth of a little more than the deepest dugwell in the command area of stream or nalla. These rows across the stream are filled by injecting cement slurry under high pressure for sealing of existing fracture. This technique is useful to create an effect of “ Cut Off Wall “ as Underground bandhara

The construction of Jacket well around the dugwell in hardrock area increases effective diameter of the well artificially thereby increasing the storativity. Borewells of about 115 mm diameter and to a depth of open dugwell or to a shallow aquifer are drilled around the supply well, either in circular or semi circular or any other desired pattern depending upon the topographical and hydrological conditions. The blasting of these bores are carried out using slurry explosives, detonating cord and electrical detonators to create fractures and interconnection between the boreholes to increase the effective diameter of supply well and to create additional storativity of water

Bore blast technique is adopted to create more storage space of Groundwater artificially in massive and crystalline hard rocks by fracturing the bed rocks.
Hydrogeological survey is carried out to locate such area where the rock can be blasted to develop cracks below the zone of weathering. The no of boreholes is calculated depending on the quantity of water to be made available. Suitable type of slurry explosive is lowered in the boreholes and is blasted using detonating cord and electrical detonators. At a time about 5 to 6 boreholes are blasted. This technique is applied in assured rainfall areas and where landforms are mostly hilly. These are most suitable for small habitations of about 100 to 150 population, where drinking water shortage occurs

This technique is applied for rejuvenation of poor yielding or Unsuccessful borewells. Some of the borewells in the villages are successful and fitted with pumping device. Poor yielding and dry borewells in the same village indicate that the fractures do not exist or if existing, they are not connected to the nearby bodies, and the fractures may be closed or sealed.
By this technique very high hydraulic pressure is created between the confined sections of the borewell. This very high pressure is responsible for opening the closed or sealed fractures and further connecting it to nearby bodies. When confined section of borewell is not having existing network of fractures then the new fractures are created and these newly created fractures are further extended to connect the water bodies. In this way borewell yield is improved substantially.

Generally, drinking water wells are situated on nalla banks.
However, at some places the groundwater flow through nalla bed is not connected to the well and therefore these groundwater goes waste as a runoff and the well being not connected becomes dry during summer months. Such wells are possible to be rejuvenated by technique known as “ Stream Blasting”.
In this technique, the area of nalla bed in the vicinity of well is studied by geophysical and geohydrological survey. Then numbers of 115 mm borewells are drilled in the nalla bed to a depth of open dugwell. These drilled boreholes are further charged with explosives and blasted to artificially to create fractures joints etc. Such artificially created fractures are automatically get inter connected to the well and groundwater is made available thereby improving the drinking status of the well.

Normally the hilly terrain in the state receives satisfactory Rainfall. But due to steep gradient, thin soil cover, limited weathered mantle and absence of joints and fractures in formation cause meager storativity for groundwater. Ultimately the habitations located in such area faces acute scarcity of drinking water in every summer. In such areas the conventional measures have limited utility due to technical and financial factors. The measures like “ Storage Pit “ is useful to collect water in required proportion with population. Small habitations ( Up to 200 souls ) are considered for this measure.
In this project, size of pit is fixed by volumetric analysis in accordance with population. Quantity loss due to evaporation and other permissible seepages is also taken into account. Pit of required volume is excavated and curbed up to hard strata, same as dugwell. To check the migration of stored water, pit wall at the down side is sealed by concrete lining. Normally the pits are open, but in cases to protect the pollution and evaporation, the pit is totally filled by coarse sand, pebbles and boulders as filter media.
From the pit, water is pumped by shallow depth hand pump, which will be installed on safe distance from the pit to avoid pollution.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8) Shivkalin Pani sathvan Yojna

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                             Success stories
Success Story of
Groundwater recharge through artificial recharge techniques under Shivkalin/National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP Sustainability)
by Groundwater Surveys and Development agency

Village - Talepimpalgaon, Taluka – patoda, District - Beed

A. Brief introduction of  village:-

 

                                   b. Rabbi   - 20%

                                  Pumps.

                                                 The general slope of the area is towards SW

                                               dairy as secondary business. Some villagers are  
                                               engaged in other small business and daily wages.

Muslim traditions.
B. Preface :-
Village Talepimpalgaon, Taluka Patoda, District Beed was selected under Shivkalin Pani Sathavan Scheme by GSDA in the year 2011. The detailed village survey was carried out by the Ground Water Surveys and Development Agency. Detailed estimate of technically and socially feasible structures, after discussion with the villagers were prepared. The surface conditions, groundwater conditions and rainfall  of the district are against, the combined impact of these three is directly on groundwater regime. Due to this, to strengthen the ground water conditions of the village, groundwater recharge activities were taken.

C. Geology and hydrology of the area:- Geologically the area is covered by Deccan Trap Basalt. The lithological conditions of the area are as under:
1. Soil Cover  :      0.00 to 1.00mtr.
2. Moderately weathered, fractured massive basalt   : 1.00 to 4.00 mtr.
3. Red bole encrusted weathered vesicular basalt : 4.00 to 7.00 mtr.
4. Moderately fractured, black colored, fine grained massive basalt  7.00 onwards. 
The pre monsoon water level of the village area is 9.00 to 14.00 mtr. Most of irrigation wells are dry during summer. The area falls under poor to moderate groundwater potential zone.  
D. Objective of the Scheme:- The main objective of the scheme was to make
                                               village tanker free and long term drinking water
                                               scarcity mitigation.
E. Pre-project scenario:- Before implementation of the scheme, the village was   
                                         tanker fed and the drinking water was being supplied
                                            through tanker starting from the month of march. The
                                         drinking water scarcity of the village was very sever.
E. Schemes implemented:- Cement Nalla Bandhara (CNB)
     Total Expenditure of Scheme :-13.86 Lakh (Including Popular Contribution
                                                        Rs.1.38 Lakh)
F: Benefits from the Project (Post Project Scenario):

  1. The water level of the surrounding area of the scheme implemented has increased from 0.5 mtr. to 1.00 mtr.
  2. Number of tanker days has reduced or totally nil.
  3. The drinking water scarcity has been mitigated at a great extent.
  4. The people has started taking more care of drinking water and drinking water sources.

G. Feedback from Villagers:-     

After implementation of activities for ground water recharge under Shivkalin Pani Sathavan Scheme by Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Beed, (Scheme implemented by Village Water Supply and Sanitation Committee) the interest of locales increased towards these activities and various feedback of the people are as under.

  1. Due to the scheme implemented, the drinking water scarcity has mitigated up to great extent.
  2. After implementation of the scheme, the runoff has been arrested, which has resulted in increased water level of PWS well as well as irrigation sources of the area.
  3. Due to the availability of water in wells, we have started more micro irrigation techniques like drip irrigation for optimum utilization of water.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For More information please visit to http://www.mahagsda.org

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